hadaway



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. S. HADAWAY, Jr. ELEOTRIGALLY HEATED SAD IRON.

No. 574,535. Patented Jan. 5, 1897.

- WITNESSES: 4 NVEN ly his fomey .Nrrnn STATES ATniv'tr muss.

\VILLIAM S. llADAlVAY, JR, OF NFAV YORK, N. Y.

SPECIFICATION forming paru of Letters Patent No. 574,536. dated January 5, 1897'.

Application filed April 7, 1896.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM S. HADAWAY, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county and State of New York, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Electrically-Heated Sad-Irons, of which the following is a speeilication.

My invention is an improvement in the form and arrangement of the conductor employed in electrically-heated flat or sad irons, such as are employed for laundry purposes.

Prior to my invention no attempt had been made to distribute the heat in an economical manner, but all parts of the surface of the sad-iron had been electrically heated more or less, and it often happened that the part or section of the surface which imparted its heat slowly as compared with another part or section was overheated, and the efforts to maintain that section imparting or conducting heat most rapidly at the required temperature resulted in a waste of energy and damage to the first-named section.

Sad-irons by custom and habit are almost universally of one general form or outline, resembling a section of a cone cut on its major axis. In the process of use the base-line (the straight blunt end) is employed to do the greater part of the useful work, while the point and sides are employed only as auxiliary means to the desired end. It results from this that the iron loses heat most rapidly at or near the blunt end or base-line. Of course it would be possible to make a sadiron circular and uniformly heat such a sur face, but the arc-shaped point or apex, the side lines, and the square corners all have important functions in the process of the laundry, and I have so improved the arrangement for electrically heating an iron of this irregular outline that heat will be maintained and economically delivered at the point of maximum and minimum consumption. I have demonstrated that the base-line is the region or section of maximum heatconduction, that the side lines are next in rapidity of heat conduction, and that a central section or strip is least affected in the process of use or loses heat the slowest.

My invention consists in providing a helically-disposed electrical conductor of nickel $erial No. 586,484. (No modeLl steel or tungsten steel, which is composed of two or more continuous sections. Each section consists of a series of equal convolutions. The convolutions of adjacent sections differ in their diameter, and each section in linear extent is practically coextensive with the ex tent of the smoothing-s11 rface section in p roximity to which it is placed. The section of cond uctor in proximity to the surface-section losing heat most rapidly is so proportioned that it most rapidly develops heat, that is, it has the greater diameter. The surface-section losing heat next less rapidly is practically continuous in extent and is of respec tively smaller diameter, so as to develop heat in due proportion to the rate of loss at the section of the surface in proximity to which it is placed, while third or additional sections spending proportion and extent.

I provide an improved sad-iron in which the smoothing-surface is a shell with thin walls, and there are arc-shaped grooves or channels upon the interior of its contact-surface. A plate having arc-shaped grooves or channels registering with the grooves on the interior of the sm nothing-surface is provided with means for clamping or fixing it in position upon the upper side of the smoothinurface. The convoluted conductor is included between these two surfaces and removably held in the grooves. The contact-surfaces of the plates are coated with a vitreous enamel which is an insulator of electricity and a conductor of heat. I provide a cap or cover, to which is fixed the handle, and at or near its center there is an additional mass of iron, to add gravity and absorb heat.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.

Figure 1 is a plan view showing the graduated and proportioned helical conductor in position on the interior of the smoothing shell or surface. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the holding or clamping plate in position. Fig. 3 is a complete perspective view of my improved sad-iron with flexible conducting-cord connection. Fig. -i is a longitudinal crosssection on the line at 4, Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a trans verse section on the line 5 5, Fig. 2; and Fig. 6 is a view of my improved sad-iron-heating conductor, helical in form and composed of of surface and conductor are in the corre- IOC a series of continuous sections differing from each other in the diameter ot their convolutions.

In Fig. 1, is the smoothing surface or shell, of irregular ontline,having the form of a conesection. 13 is the base-line, which is chiefly employed in OPOl'tttiOll. This section does the greatest amount of useful work and loses its heat most rapidly. s s are the side lines, which are the next in point of utility and rapidity of heat loss, and the section at or near the center is next in order of heat loss. This part b is a shell having comparatively thin walls. There a re corners at the base-line b and at the apex p, which, as is well known, are employed for use in corners, plaits, and folds of the fabric to be smoothed. The interior surface is grooved or channeled, as at 30 and 2 Fig. and this surface is coated with a vitreous enamel c.

In Figs. land 5, I isa metal plate, the lower surface of which is channeled or grooved, as at 32 33, and this surface is coated with a vitreous enamel c. A central n'ojecton u, integral with the section or part 5, is tapped and scrow-threaded to receive the screw 21, which operates to firmly clamp or unite the part or plate I to the part or section In the plate I? there are two holes having an insulatingbushing 1:, and within each bushing i there a metal tube-scction. These serve for connecting the tips of the flexible cord j, which enters the hole m in the top or cap section K, with the terminals of my improved heatingconductor next referred to.

In l ig. (i is shown a plan of the heatingconductor consisting of a helically-disposed condnoting-wire, preferably of nickel steel or tungsten steel. The sad-iron is conveniently divided for practical. purposes into three heateonsuming sections, (shown at I s, and 10,) and I show my heating-cont'luctor U in three sections 0, c, and a, each section consisting of a series of convolutiijms oi predetrmined diameter, in linear extent having due proportion to the base and side lines l5 and s and the central section in the vicinity of the part 1 The section of conductor 0 having convolutions of greatest diameter, and therefore greatest heat-generating power, is placed in proximity to the base-line 13. The comluctorsection 0, of lesser heating power, is in linear extent equal to the two side lines s, which are next in heat-consuming capacity, and c is placed in proximity thereto. The third section 0" is placed in the vicinity of the contact-section 20, where heat loss is lowest.

In placing the conductor 0 in position the free end of the smallest section 0 is placed in the hole 19 in plate I, the plate I. is placed in position, the screw 21 is caught in the thread in tl :section it, and then thecouductori) iswonndintoposition. in the groovml or channeled bed prepared for it by the registering grooves. The second terminal of (l is now placed in the hole 20 and the screw it made fast to clamp the (ZUl'HIllGt-Ol' lirmly in position between plalePai'id section This arrangement provides means for readily rt placing a damaged comluctor, and such cote doctors are supplied in quantities as a new article of manufacture. The conductor bearing a designaiing-number, is employed also for the corresponding size of sad-iron.

The cap or cover ii is provided with a mass of metal at or near its central section to increase the gravity and z'tccumulale or retain or absorb heat, and there is a handle ll, lixed, to K, of known form and constructirm. The cover or cap K is fixed in position by three screws entering the holes 7: at the angles o and p.

The cerdf is connec ted to a source of constant electromotive force, and the elect ric can rent tlowingin the conductor t is transformed into heat at resiimctively different rates at the lines I and and in the vicinity of the center '10, and this development of heat is in pro portion to the heat lessor tamsumption at the points designated.

What I claim, and desire to serure by lletters Patent, is-- 1. A flat or sad iron haviuga plane smoothiug-surfaee bounded by two side lines and a base-line, said surface, in outline, approximating the form of a triangle, combined with an electric heatinggyconductor in proximity thereto but insulated therefrom, said conductor being helically disposed in two or more continuous sections each section composed of a series of convolutions, the convolutions oi the section located at or near the base-line being greater than the convoluiious ator near the side lines whereby the greater heating capacity is located along said base-line, sub stantially as described.

2. A lla-t or sad iron havinga plane sinootlr ing-surl'ace bounded by a base-line and two sidelines,inoutlinea proximaiingatriaugle, combined with insulating material, and an electric heating-conductor (ltllllpUSOti of helical COIIVOiLltiOllS arranged in three or more graduated sections, the section of greatest diameter being at or near the base-line; the sec tion of smallest diameter being at or near the center and the sections of intermediate diameter at or near the side lines, tnillstanlially as described.

"Witnesses:

WAUrrn-i Peat l-l, "WM. ll. Yaxsiizii.

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